Interference Engines and Timing Belts

Interference Engines: ........ Useful information by AnWhen buying a used car always insist on
interference engine is an engine design that hasdetermining if the vehicle has a rubber timing-belt.
been avoided by some manufacturers for wellBe aware that about five years ago an
over 80 years. General Motors, Chrysler, etc.,International Oil Company did a follow up on 5,000
typically use a metal chain-type timing belt oncars it had turned back after 3 year leases and
push-rod engines (often called a timing chain) totraced them to their eventual private owners. All
transmit torque from the engine crankshaft o thethe cars had by then passed through wholesale
engine camshaft that opens the valves that admitauction markets and likely one or more retail
air and fuel. (Note: on some new cars the fuel isdealers before being sold to a private owner. The
admitted not through the valves but throughsurvey disclosed that 50% of the cars had their
injectors in the top of the cylinder. Rather thanodometers illegally turned back.
use a steel timing chain, interference engines mayWhen buying a used car, supposedly with 40,000
use a rubber timing belt with its limited life,miles for example, and determining it has a rubber
whereas steel timing belts typically last 150,000 totiming belt, insist on a written guarantee from the
200,000 miles or more.seller to guarantee in writing to replace the timing
Valves open further in an interference engine andbelt at no charge if it fails within another 20,000
project further into the combustion chamber thanmiles, a typical recommended total amount (call
in a 'free-running' engine. This allows outside air atany Dealer to get the recommended amount for
atmospheric pressure flow faster into thethe particular make of vehicle). After all, the
combustion chamber through the larger valvevehicle may in fact already have 55,000 miles on
opening. The engine can therefore inhale more air,it. If the seller will not make that guarantee, then
be a little smaller, and still create as much powerhe is admitting that the mileage is probably not
while reducing its manufactured cost and alsoaccurate and by implication may well have been
guaranteeing future repair business for its dealer.turned back. If the seller will not make that
If a rubber timing belt breaks by not beingguarantee, consider a compromise, such as $100
replaced soon enough, some of the valves stuckmaximum cost. If not acceptable, walk away and
in their open position will collide with the top of thelook elsewhere."
pistons, thereby breaking or irreversibly damagingBefore buying any car, especially 4-cylinder foreign
one or the other or both. To make matterscars, or even 6-cyl. BMW's, be aware of the
worse, it is not possible to measure the wear onunavoidable cost of $400-$800 to replace the
such a rubber belt so that it could be replacedtiming belt at anywhere from 50,000 to 70,000
when there is some indication of imminent failure.miles if the car has an interference type of
Failure in these belts is catastrophic, withoutengine. The sales person will invariably not mention
warning. This will require a whole new engine bethat an interference type engine powers the
installed. Woe to the owner. Finally, the rubber beltvehicle and may not even know what one is. If a
may have to be replaced long before 60,000timing belt on an interference engine is not
miles solely due to its age. This is really playing areplaced at recommended intervals, the repair
bad poker hand. Interference engines are like acost when the belt breaks (not gradually, but
time bomb waiting to explode unless replacing thealways catastrophically) could increase to $3,000
timing belt at the recommended interval. Beto $5,000 due to engine failure because parts
aware of that guaranteed future expense beforehave smashed into each other
buying a new car, or especially a used car, " withIf the sales person does not know if the vehicle
such an engine.has an interference engine, walk out to the repair
For details on this subject or for recommendedshop and ask the 'Service writer', who is probably
mileage to replace rubber timing belts ona former mechanic. Finally, since words are cheap,
interference engines, connect on the Internet towrite on the purchase order that the seller
©Gates Rubber Company, a worldwideguarantees the engine is not a "interference
manufacturer of such belts. When its web siteengine" and will indemnify you 100% if it turns out
appears, click on Replacement parts/Automotive.that it is and the engine breaks when the rubber
Look for 'Timing belt replacement Guide'.timing belt breaks.